Relief sculpture

Relief sculpture
   A method of sculpture in which three-dimensional forms are made to project from a flat background. The materials normally used for this technique are stone, clay, or bronze. There are several categories of sculpture relief. The bas-relief technique entails keeping figures and objects attached to the background, allowing them to protrude only slightly. This is a method normally used for coins and medals. The artist must rely on the play of light on the surface to create the three-dimensional effects. An example is Jacopo della Quercia's reliefs on the main portal of San Petronio in Bologna (1425-1438). In high-relief sculpture, the figures project more emphatically from the background; in some cases they are almost completely on the round. Luca della Robbia's Cantoria (1431-1438; Florence, Museo dell' Opera del Duomo) utilizes this technique. Relievo schiacciato, a method devised by Donatello, is a flattened relief that seems as if drawn with the chisel rather than carved, as in his Lamentation (c. 1457), one of the bronze panels for the pulpit of San Lorenzo in Florence. Finally, hollow relief is an inversed technique whereby the sculptor carves into the stone or other material. This method is usually used for the carving of gems.

Historical dictionary of Renaissance art. . 2008.

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  • RELIEF (sculpture) — RELIEF, sculpture En sculpture, le relief se définit comme un «ouvrage relevé en bosse» (Littré); il comporte donc une partie qui est en saillie par rapport à une autre qui sert de fond. Cette saillie peut être faible dans le cas du bas relief ou …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Relief (sculpture) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Relief. Bas relief du temple de Banteay Srei, province de Siemreap, Cambodge, vers 967 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • SCULPTURE — LORSQUE, dans les débuts de la civilisation occidentale, Aristote se demande ce que sont les choses naturelles et artificielles, de quoi elles sont composées, et qu’il édifie alors la théorie des quatre causes (matérielle, formelle, efficiente,… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • sculpture — sculptural, adj. sculpturally, adv. /skulp cheuhr/, n., v., sculptured, sculpturing. n. 1. the art of carving, modeling, welding, or otherwise producing figurative or abstract works of art in three dimensions, as in relief, intaglio, or in the… …   Universalium

  • Relief — For other uses, see Relief (disambiguation). A Persian mid relief (mezzo rilievo) from the Qajar era, located at Tangeh Savashi in Iran, which might also be described as two stages of low relief. Relief is a sculptural technique. The term relief… …   Wikipedia

  • relief — relief1 reliefless, adj. /ri leef /, n. 1. alleviation, ease, or deliverance through the removal of pain, distress, oppression, etc. 2. a means or thing that relieves pain, distress, anxiety, etc. 3. money, food, or other help given to those in… …   Universalium

  • sculpture — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ abstract, figurative ▪ ancient, classical, modern ▪ relief ▪ The frieze shows ancient Greek relief sculpture at its most inventive …   Collocations dictionary

  • Sculpture — en ronde bosse. David de Michel Ange La sculpture est une activité artistique qui consiste à concevoir et réaliser des formes en volume, en relief, soit en ronde bosse, en haut relief, en bas relief, par modelage, par taille directe, par soudure… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • SCULPTURE - Catégories — Toute activité humaine est marquée à un moment ou à un autre, mais surtout dans la phase initiale de son développement, par une dominante religieuse. La création artistique n’échappe pas à ce schéma général d’évolution. Mais, plus que les autres… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Sculpture — • In the widest sense of the term, sculpture is the art of representing in bodily form men, animals, and other objects in stone, bronze, ivory, clay and similar materials Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Sculpture     Sculpture …   Catholic encyclopedia

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